{"id":7753,"date":"2025-11-29T12:02:49","date_gmt":"2025-11-29T08:02:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eoninvestment.com\/?p=7753"},"modified":"2026-04-11T08:37:38","modified_gmt":"2026-04-11T04:37:38","slug":"estimating-volatility-from-data","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eoninvestment.com\/ka\/2025\/11\/29\/estimating-volatility-from-data\/","title":{"rendered":"<span class=\"eon-recovered-georgian-title\" data-no-translation=\"\">\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e7\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>How to Assess a Stock\u2019s Risk Based on Historical Data<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We know that in finance, \u201crisk\u201d usually refers to <strong>volatility<\/strong>, i.e., uncertainty regarding changes. Here, I want to highlight a few important points.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>volatility<\/strong> (\u03c3) measure is very commonly used in practical finance when we:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>assess the riskiness of an asset,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>construct a stock portfolio, or<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>even calculate an option\u2019s value.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is therefore important to understand clearly <strong>what this measure captures and what it does not<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This measure is <strong>not Beta (\u03b2)<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Beta measures <strong>relative risk<\/strong>, describing the correlation between a stock\u2019s price and the market.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Volatility (\u03c3) measures <strong>absolute risk<\/strong> (standard deviation).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This is <strong>not the volatility of stock prices themselves<\/strong>, but the volatility of <strong>returns<\/strong> (i.e., percentage changes in stock prices).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This is <strong>not simple arithmetic return volatility<\/strong>, but <strong>log-normal volatility<\/strong> (based on continuously compounded returns).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Let\u2019s look at an example of a <strong>non-dividend-paying stock<\/strong>. Below is a table showing the stock\u2019s price changes over 21 trading days:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"581\" height=\"549\" data-attachment-id=\"7762\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/eoninvestment.com\/ka\/2025\/11\/29\/estimating-volatility-from-data\/image-609\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-37.png?fit=581%2C549&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"581,549\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-37.png?fit=581%2C549&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-7762\" style=\"width: 500px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-37.png?resize=581%2C549&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\"\/><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>third column<\/strong> shows the stock\u2019s price relative to the previous day (price change).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>fourth column<\/strong> shows the logarithm of that change, to convert returns to a continuously compounded basis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The formula used to calculate volatility is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"775\" height=\"117\" data-attachment-id=\"7766\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/eoninvestment.com\/ka\/2025\/11\/29\/estimating-volatility-from-data\/image-610\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-38.png?fit=775%2C117&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"775,117\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-38.png?fit=775%2C117&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-7766\" style=\"width: 500px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-38.png?resize=775%2C117&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\"\/><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In our example, the <strong>daily volatility<\/strong> is <strong>1.21%<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"216\" data-attachment-id=\"7768\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/eoninvestment.com\/ka\/2025\/11\/29\/estimating-volatility-from-data\/image-611\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-39.png?fit=540%2C216&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"540,216\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-39.png?fit=540%2C216&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-7768\" style=\"width: 400px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-39.png?resize=540%2C216&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\"\/><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To convert daily volatility to <strong>annual volatility<\/strong>, we account for the number of trading days and use the formula:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"826\" height=\"98\" data-attachment-id=\"7771\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/eoninvestment.com\/ka\/2025\/11\/29\/estimating-volatility-from-data\/image-612\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-40.png?fit=826%2C98&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"826,98\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-40.png?fit=826%2C98&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-7771\" style=\"width: 500px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-40.png?resize=826%2C98&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\"\/><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For our example, the annual volatility is <strong>19.3%<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We can also estimate the <strong>standard error<\/strong> (uncertainty) of this volatility estimate using:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"815\" height=\"98\" data-attachment-id=\"7775\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/eoninvestment.com\/ka\/2025\/11\/29\/estimating-volatility-from-data\/image-614\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-42.png?fit=815%2C98&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"815,98\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-42.png?fit=815%2C98&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-7775\" style=\"width: 500px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-42.png?resize=815%2C98&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\"\/><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In our example, the standard error is <strong>3.05%<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Excel File:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/14.4-estimating-volatility.xlsx\">Estimating Volatility<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>P.S.<\/strong><br \/>These calculations can be easily adapted for <strong>dividend-paying stocks<\/strong> by including the dividend amount in the return calculation on ex-dividend days.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>P.P.S.<\/strong><br \/>In practice, professionals usually use the <strong>number of trading days<\/strong>, not calendar days, when calculating annual volatility, because volatility on non-trading days is effectively zero. The same principle applies to <strong>options pricing<\/strong>: when we talk about an option\u2019s time to maturity in years, we mean <strong>trading-year equivalents<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"826\" height=\"98\" data-attachment-id=\"7771\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/eoninvestment.com\/ka\/2025\/11\/29\/estimating-volatility-from-data\/image-612\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-40.png?fit=826%2C98&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"826,98\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-40.png?fit=826%2C98&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-7771\" style=\"width: 500px\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-40.png?resize=826%2C98&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\"\/><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Adapted from: Options, Futures &#038; Other Derivatives, John C. Hull<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e7\u10e0\u10d3\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7? \u10d5\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10db\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e7\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d0\u10dc\u10e3 \u10d1\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e5 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1. \u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e7\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 (Volatility) \u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10ee\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da \u10e4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":12998525,"featured_media":7790,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_eon_insights_quality":"","_eon_insights_decision":"","_eon_insights_destination":"","_eon_insights_merge_group":"","_eon_insights_required_changes":"","_eon_insights_start_order":0,"_eon_featured_insight":0,"_eon_insights_map_version":"","_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[31110612,784237235,106538530],"tags":[],"eon_topic":[],"eon_learning_path":[],"eon_collection":[],"eon_level":[],"eon_content_type":[],"eon_source":[],"eon_idea":[784445705],"eon_framework":[],"class_list":["post-7753","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-excel-models","category-options-futures-other-derivatives-john-c-hull-ka","category-derivatives","eon_idea-derivatives"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Estimating Volatility from Data - Eon Investment<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/eoninvestment.com\/ka\/2025\/11\/29\/estimating-volatility-from-data\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ka_GE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Estimating Volatility from Data - Eon Investment\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e7\u10e0\u10d3\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7? \u10d5\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10db\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e7\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d0\u10dc\u10e3 \u10d1\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e5 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1. \u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e7\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 (Volatility) \u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10ee\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da \u10e4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 [\u2026]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/eoninvestment.com\/ka\/2025\/11\/29\/estimating-volatility-from-data\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Eon Investment\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/eoninvestment\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-11-29T08:02:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-11T04:37:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/eoninvestment.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/pexels-energepic-com-27411-159888.jpg?fit=4608%2C3456&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"4608\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"3456\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"neoinsight\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"neoinsight\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 \u10ec\u10e3\u10d7\u10d8\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/eoninvestment.com\\\/ka\\\/wp-json\\\/wp\\\/v2\\\/posts\\\/7753\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/eoninvestment.com\\\/ka\\\/#website\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"neoinsight\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/eoninvestment.com\\\/ka\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9bb6a82e15a5231535d10233395afa89\"},\"headline\":\"\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e7\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-11-29T08:02:49+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-04-11T04:37:38+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/eoninvestment.com\\\/2025\\\/11\\\/29\\\/estimating-volatility-from-data\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":348,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/eoninvestment.com\\\/ka\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/eoninvestment.com\\\/2025\\\/11\\\/29\\\/estimating-volatility-from-data\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/eoninvestment.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/11\\\/pexels-energepic-com-27411-159888.jpg?fit=4608%2C3456&ssl=1\",\"articleSection\":[\"Excel Models\",\"Options, Futures & Other Derivatives, - John C. 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